The figure, philosophical and theological thought of Origen (185-253 / 254) was the subject of heated disputes for centuries, and in the last century has become the subject of in-depth scientific research in the environment of patrologists, especially German and French. The monograph is a collection of studies in which the author, who has been studying Origen’s legacy for many years, tries to reconstruct the actual views of the Alexandrian on exegetical, Trinitarian, eschatological, anthropological and ascetic issues on the basis of preserved sources. The most significant and original findings are the following: application of the spiritual interpretation of the term “eunuch” to the case of Origen’s castration, which places its authenticity in an uncertain light; presenting the arguments for the validity and fairness of the priestly ordination of an Alexandrian in the context of the ecclesiastical regulations of the first half of the third century; showing how the Alexandrian understood the sin of the first parents and how he imagined the relationship between the resurrected body and the earthly one. The presented analyses allow us to look at the work of the Alexandrian from a historical perspective, to understand his way of thinking, and to notice that, despite various dubious theories contained in his writings, he inspired all the subsequent theological thought of the Church in a way not found in the case of other early Christian authors.